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judge royal
The judge royal,〔Engel 2001, p. 92.〕〔''Stephen Werbőczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)'', p. 450.〕 also justiciar,〔Rady 2000, p. 49.〕 chief justice〔Segeš 2002, p. 202.〕 or Lord Chief Justice〔Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 145.〕 ((ドイツ語:Oberster Landesrichter),〔Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 72.〕 (ハンガリー語:országbíró),〔〔Zsoldos 2011, p. 26.〕 (ラテン語:curialis comes or iudex curiae regiae)),〔〔 was the second-highest judge, preceded only by the palatine, in the Kingdom of Hungary between around 1127 and 1884. After 1884, the judge royal was only a symbolic function, but it was only in 1918 — with the end of Habsburgs in the Kingdom of Hungary (the kingdom continued formally until 1946) — that the function ceased officially.
There remain significant problems in the translation of the title of this officer. In Latin, the title translates as 'Judge of the Royal Court', which lacks specificity. In Hungarian, he is 'Judge of the Country', with 'country' in this sense meaning 'political community', being thus broadly analogous to the German 'Land'. English has no obvious translation for Landesrichter, which is the direct German translation of országbíró.
==List of office-holders==
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